Mitral Valve Stenosis: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Mitral valve stenosis is a heart condition that occurs when the mitral valve, located between the left atrium and left ventricle, narrows and restricts blood flow. This condition can lead to complications such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation if left untreated. Best Cardiologist in Hyderabad is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.

Symptoms of Mitral Valve Stenosis

The symptoms of mitral valve stenosis vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common signs include:

• Shortness of Breath: Particularly noticeable during physical activity or when lying down.
• Fatigue: Reduced blood flow to the body can cause persistent tiredness.
• Swelling: Swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet due to fluid buildup.
• Palpitations: Irregular or rapid heartbeats caused by atrial fibrillation.
• Chest Pain: Discomfort or tightness in the chest.
• Coughing Up Blood: In severe cases, blood-streaked mucus may be coughed up.
• Frequent Respiratory Infections: Reduced lung capacity can lead to repeated infections.

Causes and Risk Factors

Mitral valve stenosis is most commonly caused by rheumatic fever, which can result from untreated strep throat infections. Other causes include:

• Congenital Heart Defects: Some individuals are born with a narrowed mitral valve.
• Calcium Deposits: Aging can lead to calcium buildup around the valve.
• Radiation Therapy: Radiation to the chest area can damage the mitral valve.

Diagnosis of Mitral Valve Stenosis

Accurate diagnosis is critical to managing mitral valve stenosis effectively. The Best Cardiologist in Hyderabad will typically perform the following tests:

• Physical Examination: Listening for heart murmurs with a stethoscope.
• Echocardiogram: Ultrasound imaging to assess valve structure and blood flow.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG): Measures electrical activity of the heart to detect irregular rhythms.
• Chest X-ray: Identifies heart enlargement or fluid buildup in the lungs.
• Cardiac MRI: Provides detailed images of the heart and valves.
• Stress Tests: Evaluates how the heart performs under physical exertion.

Treatment Options for Mitral Valve StenosisTreatment depends on the severity of the condition and the symptoms experienced. Common options include:

1. Medications

• Diuretics: Reduce fluid buildup and alleviate swelling.
• Beta-Blockers or Calcium Channel Blockers: Help control heart rate and rhythm.
• Anticoagulants: Prevent blood clots, especially in patients with atrial fibrillation.

2. Balloon Valvuloplasty

This minimally invasive procedure involves threading a catheter with a balloon into the mitral valve. The balloon is inflated to widen the valve, improving blood flow. This is often recommended for patients without significant calcification or blood clots.

3. Mitral Valve Repair or Replacement

• Repair: Surgical techniques can reshape or remove excess tissue to improve valve function.
• Replacement: In severe cases, the damaged valve may be replaced with a mechanical or biological valve.

4. Lifestyle Modifications

• Dietary Changes: Reducing salt intake to manage fluid retention.
• Regular Exercise: Under medical supervision to improve heart health.
• Smoking Cessation: To prevent further complications.

Why Choose the Best Cardiologist in Hyderabad?

Managing mitral valve stenosis requires specialized care. The Best Cardiologist in Hyderabad, such as Dr. C. Raghu, 25+  years of exeperience in diagnosing and treating complex cardiac conditions. With advanced facilities and a patient-centric approach, Dr. Raghu ensures comprehensive care tailored to each individual.

Conclusion

Mitral valve stenosis is a serious condition that can significantly impact quality of life. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications. If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of mitral valve stenosis, consult Dr. C. Raghu, the Best Cardiologist in Hyderabad, for expert guidance and care. Contact us at +91 9542475650 and for more information and schedule an appointment today.