Producing kerosene from bio-based side streams

Wageningen University & Research and its partners person developed a caller benignant of aviation substance that is produced utilizing bio-based discarded streams from the agriculture industry.

One of the targets of the Renewable Energy Directive II (RED II) is to summation the usage of precocious biofuels successful the transport sector, to a minimum of 3.5% of the full biofuel depletion successful the EU. Advanced biofuels are fuels that are produced from sustainable biomass and person importantly little GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions than fossil fuels. The caller benignant of substance is based connected a substance of acetone and alcohol. While it does not yet conscionable each requirements, it is getting close. The anticipation is that, aft immoderate processing steps person been optimized, it volition conscionable each the applicable conditions.

New worth chains

Locally produced discarded streams from the agriculture oregon nutrient assemblage tin beryllium utilized arsenic earthy materials successful the accumulation of precocious biofuels if they conscionable stringent sustainability conditions. The BioJet Fuel task is evaluating the implicit worth and accumulation chains of biofuels from bedewed integrated discarded streams for the aviation assemblage (sustainable aviation fuel, oregon SAF). The results of this task could correspond the archetypal measurement successful the instauration of caller worth chains successful the Netherlands, successful which biomass and discarded streams with a precocious moisture contented from the superior agriculture and nutrient manufacture are utilized arsenic earthy materials for bioproceses for precocious liquid biofuels.

Cheap discarded streams

The earthy materials utilized arsenic exemplary successful this task are  residual streams from the processing of potatoes. These streams were utilized arsenic a earthy worldly for the fermentative accumulation of acetone, butanol and ethanol (ABE fermentation). While the creation of the discarded streams makes them suitable for fermentation, they are presently utilized for low-value applications.

Technically feasible

In the attack taken successful this project, the substance of ABE that is produced from the substrate is catalytically converted into hydrocarbons and, aft hydrogenation and fractionation, into aviation fuel. Through experimental research, the implicit accumulation and worth chains for the conversion of bedewed cultivation discarded streams into fuel person been shown to beryllium technically feasible. A techno-economic appraisal and a beingness rhythm investigation (LCA) of the worth concatenation person besides been carried out.

The feedstock successful this task is murphy discarded streams, which are presently sold arsenic low-value cattle feed, oregon are converted done anaerobic digestion into methane. However, a commercialized process volition besides necessitate further feedstocks, to execute capable volume. Possible feedstocks that conscionable the criteria of Annex IX of the RED are lignocellulosic biomass and discarded streams from the insubstantial industry.

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