How to become a software engineer: A cheat sheet

3 years ago 337

If you are looking to prosecute a vocation successful bundle engineering and aren't definite wherever to begin, here's your usher to salaries, occupation markets, skills and communal interrogation questions successful the field.

With the system suffering superior harm owed to the volatility of 2020, workers are looking to find the champion jobs with the astir stability. The occupation marketplace is recovering, and employers are either hiring oregon readying to, acknowledgment to wide vaccinations.

One of the amended options is bundle engineering. Software technologist applications accounted for 19% of each occupation applications from Gen Z applicants successful the U.S., making it the astir in-demand occupation among that generation, according to a caller Glassdoor report.

To assistance those funny successful the manufacture fig retired however to motorboat a vocation successful bundle engineering, we compiled the astir important details and resources. We'll amusement you however to beryllium a machine bundle engineer. For a escaped PDF mentation of this bundle engineering vocation guide, download this ebook. This nonfiction volition beryllium updated connected a regular basis.

(Note: This nonfiction astir how to go a bundle technologist is disposable arsenic a escaped PDF download.)

SEE: How iRobot utilized information science, cloud, and DevOps to plan its next-gen astute location robots (cover communicative PDF) (TechRepublic)

Why is determination an accrued request for bundle engineers?

Software technologist is No. 9 connected Glassdoor's list, the 50 Best Jobs successful America successful 2021, on with mobile technologist astatine No. 8, front-end technologist astatine No. 11 and back-end technologist astatine No. 16. As of January 2021, determination were much than 40,000 occupation openings for bundle engineers, the study said. Java bundle developer was listed No. 1.

Backend, afloat stack and frontend engineers are successful highest demand, landing much than fractional of each interrogation requests for bundle engineering roles, said Hired's 2021 State of Software Engineers report.

The request for bundle engineers correlates with the ebbs and flows of caller technology. For example, the detonation of blockchain successful the past twelvemonth has resulted successful a request for bundle engineers with blockchain skills, the study found.

SEE: All of TechRepublic's cheat sheets and astute person's guides

Most companies are trying to enactment competitive, resulting successful a greater concern successful technology, crossed each sectors, according to Glassdoor's Economic Research Blog. As much companies are trying to alteration into tech companies, bundle engineers are needed successful those industries (retail, finance, manufacturing, etc.) to plan, negociate and motorboat the software.

Demand for engineering endowment inactive acold exceeds supply, and 64% of engineers accidental there's a machine bundle technologist shortage successful their companies with concerning consequences connected innovation and growth, according to a 2021 study by Terminal.

Additional resources

Low-code platforms: An insider's usher (free PDF) (TechRepublic)
How to successfully enactment remotely successful an engineering organization (TechRepublic)
Developers and IT pros are successful demand, but however agelong volition the hiring question last? (TechRepublic)
16 full-time distant jobs successful cryptocurrency for developers, leaders and recruiters (TechRepublic)
5 tech jobs that support going unfilled, and wherefore they mightiness beryllium vacant (TechRepublic)
Developers dread these programming languages, but which 1 pays the most? (TechRepublic)
Do engineers similar to enactment from location oregon successful the office? One adept explains (TechRepublic)
Software and IT services hiring is surging arsenic workers determination to these cities en masse (TechRepublic)
Developers are exhausted. Now, managers are disquieted they volition quit (TechRepublic)

What does a bundle technologist do?

Software engineers are liable for building, developing, launching and maintaining bundle products and systems, according to Indeed's vocation guide. Software systems see operating systems, concern applications, connected hardware, networking systems and mobile and web applications.

Software engineers and bundle developers are interconnected, but mutually exclusive. Software developers assistance support existing bundle performance, urge improvements and make updates oregon caller bundle programs successful code. The cardinal quality is successful the connection "engineer," due to the fact that engineers are progressive successful the improvement of software, but software developers don't needfully person the engineering inheritance to beryllium progressive successful that portion of the process.

Additional resources

10 ways to forestall developer burnout (free PDF) (TechRepublic)
How to go an Alexa developer: A cheat sheet (TechRepublic)
How to go a Unity developer for VR and AR (TechRepublic)
How DevOps teams are taking connected a much pivotal relation and improving responsiveness to change (TechRepublic)
Pressures of the pandemic motivate a large displacement to agile programming practices (TechRepublic)
The latest trends successful DevOps: Infrastructure-as-code, automation and the value of communication (TechRepublic)
GitHub is acceptable to amended empower collaboration with Issues and Projects (TechRepublic)
What are the astir dreaded antipatterns successful web development? (TechRepublic)
9 unexpected skills you request for today's tech team (TechRepublic)
Want to ruin a developer's day? Coders uncover what truly destroys their productivity (TechRepublic)
Software QA testing: Secrets from a seasoned QA engineer (TechRepublic)

What are immoderate bundle technologist occupation roles?

Computer bundle engineers tin take from a fig of antithetic vocation paths. Here are the 9 astir in-demand bundle engineering jobs and their maturation rates twelvemonth implicit year, according to the Hired report. Mobile and embedded engineers were immoderate of the fewer roles that saw flimsy request maturation compared with 2019, the study said. This is apt a effect of radical spending much clip connected their mobile devices amid lockdowns successful 2020, with mobile web postulation being 11.4% higher successful April 2020 compared with 2019.

Highest-demand jobs successful 2021 by interrogation request, according to Hired:

Backend engineer: 58%
Full stack: 57% (down 1%)
Front end: 30% (down 2%)
Data: 9% (down 1%)
Mobile: 8% (same arsenic 2020)
Machine learning: (4% down 2%)
Search: 2% (down 1%)
Security: 2% (same arsenic 2020)
Natural connection processing: 1% (down 1%)
Computer vision, gaming, embedded, AR/VR, blockchain technologist and manager each were astatine 1% with nary change.

Additional resources

How to physique a palmy developer vocation (free PDF) (TechRepublic)
How to go a instrumentality learning engineer: A cheat sheet (TechRepublic)
Cheat sheet: How to go a cybersecurity pro (TechRepublic)
Cheat sheet: How to go a information scientist (TechRepublic)
How to physique a palmy vocation arsenic a unreality technologist (free PDF) (TechRepublic)
Job description: DevOps engineer (TechRepublic Premium)
Job description: Systems engineer (TechRepublic Premium)
Job description: Full stack developer (TechRepublic Premium)

What programming languages oregon different skills are champion to larn to go a bundle engineer?

Software engineers typically person astatine slightest a bachelor's grade successful bundle engineering oregon accusation technology. Those successful the tract are often well-versed successful bundle improvement and person extended acquisition moving with assorted programming languages specified arsenic Python, Java, and C++, on with large method skills.

The fastest-growing skills successful 2019 for bundle engineers see acquisition with Flutter, Android design, NUXT.JS, continuous integration and bundle development, and angular material, according to a LinkedIn report.

SEE: Programming languages and bundle developer vocation resources coverage (TechRepublic connected Flipboard)

For bundle engineers successful absorption positions, oregon those trying to scope absorption level, soft skills are becoming progressively important. To substance high-performing teams, bundle engineering managers' accomplishment sets indispensable see radical management, leadership, squad management, squad gathering and strategical planning, the LinkedIn report found.

Additional resources

DevOps: A cheat sheet (TechRepublic)
Java and SQL Server persist: How tech moves fast, yet endeavor IT moves truthful slow (TechRepublic)
JetBrains Academy launches caller escaped Kotlin Basics course (TechRepublic)
Top programming languages: C and Java stay tops arsenic Python surges (TechRepublic)
These aged programming languages are inactive captious to large companies. But cipher wants to larn them (TechRepublic)
Faster Python programming: How these developers built Pyston, and wherever it goes next (TechRepublic)
Programming languages: Python is coming for the crown arsenic "possible aboriginal champions" hold successful the wings (TechRepublic)
What programming connection is the astir fashionable for developers? No, it's not Python (TechRepublic)
Programming languages: The latest beta preview of Python 3.10 is here (TechRepublic)
Programming languages: Python's maturation is "absolutely explosive," says Anaconda CEO, and not slowing down (TechRepublic)
Programming languages: Why Python 4.0 mightiness ne'er arrive, according to its creator (TechRepublic)
Programming languages: How to larn Kotlin with these resources for bundle developers (TechRepublic)

What is the mean wage for a bundle engineer?

Software engineers are 1 of the highest-paying tech jobs of 2021. As of April 2019, bundle engineers successful the U.S. gain an mean basal wage of $103,984 per year, according to Indeed. Software engineers conscionable starting retired successful the U.S. person a median basal wage of $110,245 with much than 40,000 occupation openings, according to information from Glassdoor. ZipRecruiter says the national mean wage for bundle engineers is $99,729

The highest-paying companies for bundle engineers, according to Indeed, were:

Citi: $184,513
Apple: $170,536
Facebook: $159,151
Octo Consulting Group: $153,511
Capital One: $151,009

Additional resources

Developer burnout: How managers tin admit and forestall it (TechRepublic)
Want to marque your developers instrumentality astir longer? This 1 alteration could bash it (TechRepublic)
OutSystems releases bundle improvement accelerators for AWS (TechRepublic)
Some developers are acceptable for a instrumentality to the office. But not everyone wants to spell back (TechRepublic)
DevOps is getting codification released faster than ever. But information is lagging behind (TechRepublic)
Java codification testing: These unfastened root tools and rethinking the process tin trim the load for developers (TechRepublic)
3 ways the CI/CD attack to bundle has made enactment amended for developers (TechRepublic)
Follow these 7 steps to inquire the brag for a hybrid schedule (TechRepublic)
Want to get the astir retired of your developers? Give them concern context (TechRepublic)

What are the hottest markets for bundle technologist jobs?

The 10 highest paying cities successful the U.S. for bundle engineers successful 2021 and their mean salaries, according to ZipRecruiter, are arsenic follows (as of this writing):

San Jose, California ($123,178)
Oakland, California ($121,760)
Tanaina, Alaska ($121,208)
Wasila, Alaska ($121, 206)
Hayward, California ($119,210)
Seattle ($118,406)
Concord, California ($118,110)
Sunnyvale, California ($117,435)
Santa Cruz, California ($116,076)
Redmond, Washington ($115,862)

Additional resources

Programming theory: A discarded of time, oregon cardinal to your imagination coding job? (TechRepublic)
How to win successful bundle engineering management (TechRepublic)
20 full-time, 100% distant jobs with a 6-figure salary (TechRepublic)
Should documentation writers get paid much than developers? (TechRepublic)
Developer acquisition engineers purpose to summation ROI portion keeping bundle developers happy (TechRepublic)
These 15 entry-level tech jobs wage well, adjacent without a assemblage degree (TechRepublic)
13 tech occupation sites marque it casual to find a caller occupation whether you privation to enactment from location oregon not (TechRepublic)
25 in-demand blockchain jobs disposable close present connected Indeed, Dice and Glassdoor (TechRepublic)
Software industry's interaction successful 2020: 15.8 cardinal jobs and $933 cardinal to the US economy (TechRepublic)
Low-code and no-code won't termination developer jobs, here's why (TechRepublic)
Coding is present the fastest-growing profession. But it's not each bully news (TechRepublic)

What are emblematic bundle technologist interrogation questions?

Some questions that a bundle technologist tin expect during a occupation interview, according to Indeed, include:

What programming languages person you utilized successful the past? What are your apical 2 coding languages?
How overmuch are you coding connected a regular basis? If you bash not codification connected a regular basis, what is emblematic successful your role?
How comfy are you successful a startup environment, oregon bash you similar moving successful a much established company?
What distinguishes a large bundle technologist from a bully one? Do you consciousness you person those qualities?
What's the astir important happening to look for oregon cheque erstwhile reviewing different squad member's code?
In your opinion, what are the principles of bully bundle engineering? What are immoderate basal principles everyone should follow?
If needed, however would you spell astir designing scalable applications? Walk america done your process.

Additional resources

Interview tips: How to onshore your adjacent tech occupation (free PDF) (TechRepublic)
How to marque a lasting content successful a tech interview: 3 tips (TechRepublic)
3 large mistakes to debar successful an in-person interview (TechRepublic)
7 tips for navigating a brace programming league during a occupation interview (TechRepublic)
Coding interviews suck. Can we marque them better? (TechRepublic)
Developer vocation 101: How to basal retired successful the tract of bundle improvement and engineering (TechRepublic)

Where tin I find resources for a vocation successful bundle engineering?

There are galore antithetic paths to becoming a bundle engineer, and astir instrumentality the 1 little traveled, according to Hired's antecedently mentioned 2019 State of Software Engineering report (the 2021 study did not update these statistics). While 46% of respondents commencement their bundle engineering careers by earning a bachelor's grade successful machine science, 1 successful 5 said they are alternatively self-taught. While immoderate radical take to get a master's degree, it's not necessary. Some 13% of respondents said they took a much hybrid approach, moving connected a grade successful machine subject and taking vantage of bundle developer bootcamps done companies similar General Assembly and Hack Reactor, the study found.

In presumption of learning apical programming languages, sites similar GitHub connection plentifulness of guides and resources to get started.

SEE: The information astir MooCs and bootcamps: Their biggest payment isn't creating much coders (cover communicative PDF) (TechRepublic)

Coding bootcamps person proven to beryllium highly beneficial for bundle engineers: 76% of bootcamp graduates said the courses helped hole them for their bundle engineering job. Coding bootcamps are a large assets for bundle engineers looking to reskill, upskill oregon interruption into the field, the Hired study added. Bootcamps are besides a large mode to get astir moving connected a machine subject degree.

For prospective bundle engineers who privation much in-depth cognition connected the topic, EdX offers plentifulness of courses and grade plans for bundle engineers. The champion portion is each courses are online, which could beryllium adjuvant for moving professionals and parents. EdX has introductory courses connected however to go a bundle engineer, arsenic good arsenic advanced certificate programs.

Additional resources